Hematology Analyzer: An Instrument for Complete Blood Count Test
Hematology Analyzer: An Instrument for Complete Blood Count Test
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What is a ire?
A hematology analyzer, also known as hematology autoanalyzer or complete blood count (CBC) machine, is a medical diagnostic instrument for measuring various blood cell count parameters, including red blood cell count, white blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelet count. It is routinely used by clinical laboratories for carrying out a complete blood count (CBC) test to screen for or diagnose hematological conditions and disorders, infections, anemia, and other health issues.
How does it Work?
A CBC machine uses advanced optics, hydrodynamics, and electronics to perform an automated cell count and analysis of blood via the CBC test. In the sample preparation stage, the instrument accurately divides the blood sample through hydrodynamic focusing. It then illuminates the sample and uses precise stereological principles for cell sizing and counting. A sophisticated detection system captures digital images of individual cells from different angles using flow cytometry techniques. The data and images are Hematology Analyzer using powerful algorithms and artificial intelligence for CBC parameters measurement and identification of abnormal cells. The results are provided on a computer display within 15-30 minutes after loading the blood sample.
Components and Technologies Used
Modern CBC machine use cutting-edge technologies like optics, microfluidics, impedance counting, laser light scattering, Coulter principle, and digital imaging. The key components are the sample loader, laser cell counter, impedance cell counter, image analyzer, data processor, and display unit. State-of-the-art models incorporate additional capabilities like white blood cell differential analysis, reticulocyte counting, cell classification using flow cytometric analysis, and automated slide making.
Advantages of Using a Hematology Analyzer
There are numerous clinical benefits of using a CBC machine:
- Performs a complete automated CBC with accurate and precise results within a short turnaround time.
- Helps in early diagnosis of hematological diseases and disorders like anemia, infections, blood cancers, immune disorders, etc.
- Identifies abnormal cell populations and microscopic evaluation of abnormal cells through digital imaging.
- Provides reticulocyte counts useful for monitoring bone marrow response and hemolytic conditions.
- Can detect subtle cell abnormalities not seen on a manual smear for improved disease detection.
- Minimizes pre-analytical errors compared to manual CBC methods and gives objective results.
- Handles high testing volumes routinely with high reproducibility and throughput.
- Stores patient records and generated data electronically for retrieval and trend analysis.
- Eliminates manual labor and subjective interpretation, giving consistent CBC profiles.
Common Hematology Analyzers in Use
Leading manufacturers offer different CBC machine models for clinical laboratories of varying sizes and testing requirements. Some commonly used analyzers are:
- Sysmex XN/XN-L Series - Optimized for high-volume labs with WBC differential and reticulocyte percentage analysis.
- Beckman Coulter DxH Series - Known for accuracy and precision with additional parameters like immature granulocyte analysis.
- Abbott Cell-Dyn Emerald - Compact design suitable for medium-sized labs with automated slide staining.
- Mindray BC-6800 - Budget-friendly analyzer for routine CBC tests in low-volume settings.
- Siemens Advia Series - High-end model used in large reference labs with effective abnormal cell flagging.
- Roche Cobas 6000 - Fully automated CBC device integrated with clinical chemistry analyzer.
Quality Control and Standardization
Hematology analyzers require daily, weekly, and monthly quality control measures to ensure accuracy and precise functionality. Instrument calibration, both automated and manual, must be performed as per the manufacturer's guidelines. Strict adherence to pre-analytical sampling protocols and internal-external quality control programs help standardize CBC test results across instruments. Participation in external proficiency testing schemes provides an independent evaluation of instrument performance over time. Advanced analyzers have computer algorithms to monitor internal quality checkpoints autonomously.
In the CBC machine delivers automated, standardized, and accurate complete blood count testing which is invaluable for an efficient hematological diagnosis and patient management. Continuous technological innovations are expanding the application scope of these instruments for effective disease screening and monitoring therapies.
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About Author:
Money Singh is a seasoned content writer with over four years of experience in the market research sector. Her expertise spans various industries, including food and beverages, biotechnology, chemical and materials, defense and aerospace, consumer goods, etc. (https://www.linkedin.com/in/money-singh-590844163)